定(ding)壓(ya)(ya)罐工作原(yuan)理：定(ding)壓(ya)(ya)罐定(ding)壓(ya)(ya)，是在膨脹水(shui)箱(xiang)基(ji)礎上發展起(qi)來的(de)一類(lei)定(ding)壓(ya)(ya)補(bu)水(shui)裝置(zhi)，其原(yuan)理同閉式膨脹水(shui)箱(xiang)。當系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)水(shui)溫變化或泄(xie)漏引起(qi)水(shui)的(de)容積變化時，由于(yu)氣(qi)(qi)壓(ya)(ya)罐內氣(qi)(qi)體高壓(ya)(ya)縮性的(de)緩沖作用，使(shi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)穩(wen)定(ding)在預設(she)的(de)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)范圍內。如果系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)下降至預設(she)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)下限(xian)時，由電(dian)接(jie)點繼電(dian)器(qi)動作啟動補(bu)水(shui)泵，使(shi)之(zhi)向(xiang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)供水(shui)，直(zhi)至壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)達(da)到預定(ding)的(de)的(de)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)上限(xian)值時止(zhi)。若系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)超過設(she)定(ding)的(de)最高壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)值時，安全閥自行向(xiang)軟(ruan)水(shui)箱(xiang)或排水(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)泄(xie)水(shui)降壓(ya)(ya)。以維持系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)平(ping)衡。該裝置(zhi)由氣(qi)(qi)壓(ya)(ya)罐、補(bu)水(shui)泵、安全閥、電(dian)接(jie)點壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)表(biao)、控制箱(xiang)等組合(he)而(er)成(cheng)。
系(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)定(ding)壓(ya)(ya)點(dian)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)確(que)定(ding)：定(ding)壓(ya)(ya)點(dian)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)的(de)高低(di)要考慮兩個因素(su)，一個是(shi)系(xi)統(tong)運行時(shi)任一點(dian)都(dou)不(bu)超壓(ya)(ya)，二(er)是(shi)系(xi)統(tong)停運時(shi)系(xi)統(tong)不(bu)倒空(kong)(kong)。如果定(ding)壓(ya)(ya)點(dian)的(de)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)過高，系(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)的(de)每一點(dian)的(de)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)也就相應的(de)增高，導致管道(dao)、閥門或(huo)設備等在高壓(ya)(ya)下運行，出現強度破壞或(huo)疲(pi)勞損壞。壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)設置太低(di)，系(xi)統(tong)就會倒空(kong)(kong)出現氣堵，而導致介質循環不(bu)暢。氣壓(ya)(ya)罐工作壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)值按以下方(fang)法確(que)定(ding)(推(tui)薦(jian)) (1)補水泵(beng)啟動壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)P1: P1=Po+0.005;“Po”系(xi)統(tong)最高點(dian)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li) (2)補水泵(beng)停泵(beng)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)P2：
P2=(P1+0.1)/β-0.1β：工作壓(ya)力(li)(li)比(bi)，一(yi)般取0.65～0.85 (3)安全閥開啟壓(ya)力(li)(li)P3: P3=P2+0.03式中(zhong)壓(ya)力(li)(li)(壓(ya)強)計(ji)算單(dan)位(wei)均為“MPa” 氣壓(ya)罐總容積: V=Vt/(1-β) Vt-調節水(shui)量(liang)(m3),為補水(shui)泵3min的流量(liang),且保持水(shui)箱調節水(shui)位(wei)不小于200mm。估算時取膨脹水(shui)量(liang)的一(yi)半。
補(bu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵流(liu)量(liang)：補(bu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵流(liu)量(liang)(每小時)選擇應(ying)不小于系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)容量(liang)的(de)(de)4%～5%。 特(te)點：(1)優點：布置靈活，不受(shou)高度的(de)(de)限制(zhi);實現(xian)(xian)設備集(ji)中控制(zhi)管理，維(wei)修使用較(jiao)(jiao)方便;系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)氧化腐蝕減輕;較(jiao)(jiao)好地防止系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)出現(xian)(xian)汽化及水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)擊現(xian)(xian)象;適(shi)應(ying)大(da)面積高建筑物的(de)(de)需要。(2)缺(que)點：補(bu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵啟動(dong)頻(pin)繁,泵的(de)(de)壽命低;系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)壓(ya)(ya)力波動(dong)大(da)，不能有(you)效(xiao)防止非正常情(qing)況(kuang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)超壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)問題;不能斷(duan)電能源浪費(fei)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)，運行費(fei)用高;體積較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)占(zhan)空間大(da)。
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